Guidelines for design of large earth and rockfill dams. A dam body filled mainly with gravels is also called as concrete face gravel dam. It is designed to withstand all applied loads, namely. Behaviour of the reinforced concrete face slabs of. Construction of concrete faced rockfill dams cfrd includes pouring rock materials as the main body of the dam and compacting the rockfill to an acceptable compaction level. The impermeable parts are usually made of reinforced concrete, asphaltic concrete or clay.
Concrete face rockfill dam 166 m high rockfill volume. Concrete faced rockfill dams cfrds zones 1a and 1b protect the upstream concrete faces usually cohesionless silt or fine sand. The concretefaced rockfill dam cfrd is an important dam type in the selection of high dams to be constructed in western china, owing to its direct utilization. Download concrete face rock fill dam compared to roller compacted. Concrete face rockfill dams, 2010, 406 pages, paulo. Because of its good performance on structural stability, antiseismic capacity, easy access to construction materials, high economic benefits, easy. Monitoring of dam behaviour was done by 390 sensors with data acquisition system. Mitigation measures evaluation for concrete faced rockfill. Zone 3b resists water pressure and controls face deflection. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. A high cfrd under construction in ecuador the mazar dam is a cfrd dam 166 m high under construction in rio paute in south east of ecuador with the capacity of 160 mw, project started in april 2005 and prevision for operation in 2009. Concrete faced rockfill dams have evolved to a stage where the main elements are common, and a typical cross sections of a cfrds with sound rockfill on bedrock and with gravel fill on alluvium are shown at left. Current practice rockfill deformation modulus estimation is essential for analysis and rockfill selection. Several cfrds over 200 m in height are being built or to be built in chinas strong seismic regions, such as houziyan, gushui, and lawa.
Cn202416263u concrete faced rockfill dam compounded with. The treatment of the rock underneath the plinth and the injection of the grouting curtain deserve a careful analysis and specific attention for its realization. Pdf download concrete face rockfill dams balkema book pdf full ebook. The tallest gravity dam is the 285 m 935 ft high grande dixence dam in switzerland. The primary goal of this study was to examine the relative effects of various factors that affect the cracking of the face slab of a concrete faced rockfill dam cfrd. The deformation of dam body and face slab were measured by embankment extensometers, hydrostatic settlement cells, electrolevel, joint meters, concrete and. We present a numerical approach for the modelling of cfrds in this paper. This content was uploaded by our users and we assume good faith they have the permission to share this book.
Effect of low temperature and freezethaw on stress and. The concrete face rockfill dam is, among all types of dams, the one which gives rise to the highest hydraulic gradient across the rock foundation. The tallest dam in the world is the jinpingi dam, an arch dam in china at 305 m 1,001 ft. The concrete face will transfer the water pressure to the rocks and finally to the dam foundation. A study on concrete faced rockfill dams usq eprints.
In structural concept the buttress dam consists of a continuous upstream face supported at regular intervals by downstream buttresses. Nam ngum 2 is one of the world ranked concrete face rock fill dam cfrd in lao pdr. Concrete faced rockfill dams in china international. Constructing concrete faced rockfill dams cfrds with weak rocks has great advantages as a result of the use of local materials, costeffectiveness, extensive adaptability, simple construction. Click download or read online button to get concrete face rockfill dams book now. A case study on the postconstruction deformation of concrete face rockfill dams. Concrete face rockfill dam draft cfrd international society hereby organized cfrd experts from relative countries for comprehensive summing up the experiences of constructions of world concrete face rockfill dam cfrd and studied the technical problems occurred recent years in the constructions of world high and very high cfrds, and presented the. The solid head or massive buttress dam is the most prominent modern variant of the type, and may be considered for conceptual purposes as a lightened version of the gravity dam. The functions of dams are for water supply, flood control and hydroelectric power generation.
Impact of dam site configuration on 3d stressstrain state. Concrete face rockfill dams cfrds are considered to be fundamentally safe, especially against leakage, and to be a lowcost alternative at many sites. Pdf construction of concretefaced rockfill dams with weak rocks. Unlike avis dam in windhoek, which is a concrete faced rockfill dam cfrd, the dam at okahandja is an asphalt faced rockfill dam afrd, a design that provides a more flexible sealing membrane. Dynamic responses of concretefaced rockfill dam due to. The 1a material located on the face slab was specified as impervious material while zone 1b was a material, rondon type, for confining 1a material against face slab. Based on the improved ga, a mathematical model was established for the design optimization of cfrd. A case study on the postconstruction deformation of. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. A concrete faced rockfill dam cfrd is preferred by dam consultants due to its many advantages. The utility model discloses a concrete faced rockfill dam compounded with a gravity dam.
What is difference between gravity dam,earth dam,arch dam,buttress dam. The outer slopes both upstream and downstream are 1,4. Rockfill dams are mainly made from dumped and compacted rock fill. Design optimization of a concrete face rockfill dam by. Asphaltic concrete face rockfill dams are those in which this material is used as the impervious element.
To verify the suggested model with other methods in literature, the prediction results obtained for concrete faced rock fill dams is compared with the clement method. Read online concrete face rock fill dam compared to roller compacted. A reinforced concrete slab is then constructed at the upstream face of the dam. Seismic analysis of concrete face rock fill dams 665 of simplified procedures or the equivalent linear analysis in combination with newmarks sliding block analysis of slopes produces a safe design. A general designation of a type of dam body filled with rockfils or gravels compacted in layers, and also with its face slab as a antiseepage system. This is a list of the tallest dams in the world over 5 m 443 ft in height. Mitigation measures evaluation for concrete faced rockfill dams rec 2014 juan e. Pdf design considerations of concrete face rockfill dam with a. The tallest embankment dam and second tallest dam in the world is the 300 m 984 ft nurek dam in tajikistan. Pdf download concrete face rockfill dams balkema book pdf.
This paper combined with the adaptive principle to improve the genetic algorithms ga and applied it to optimal design of the shape of the concrete face rock fill dam cfrd. Zone 2 support the concrete faces processed granular materials. With rapid population growth and accelerating economic development, much of the worlds water which requires urgent attention to ensure sustainable use. Due to the aforementioned reasons, very high rockfill dams with a reinforced concrete face 150 m and higher may have extremely unfavorable sss. Concrete face rockfill dams download ebook pdf, epub. Pdf influence of concrete face on seismic response of. Design considerations of concrete face rock fill dam with a high cutoff wall and located on a thick alluvial. Concrete faced rockfill dam cfrd is a type of embankment dam that is being widely used and rapidly developed. Prediction of concrete faced rock fill dams settlements. Seepage control in a high concrete facerock fill dam based on.
Chapter 6 concrete dam engineering with examples 1. Cfrd utilizes dam cost as objective function and dam slope and geometries of the dam material partition as design. Rigorous simulation of the construction and impoundment stages were conducted in sequential phases during which the rockfill and the rockfill face slab interface were modelled. Concrete face rockfill dam draft cfrd international society hereby organized cfrd experts from relative countries for comprehensive summing up the experiences of constructions of world concrete face rockfill dam cfrd and studied the technical problems occurred recent years in the constructions of world high and very high cfrds, and presented. Nowadays, concrete faced rockfill dam cfrd is preferred among dam consultant due to its advantages.
Their essential simplicity and construction economy has made them very attractive where good rockfill is plentiful. They have an impermeable core or an impermeable layer on the upstream face of the dam to prevent seepage through the porous core. Concrete dam engineering 1 0401544 hydraulic structures university of sharjah dept. Design principles adopted in 1966 by the hydroelectric commission have been applied to nine concrete faced rockfill dams and remain substantially unchanged. However, one of the most important agents of these dams is the reliability of the concrete face slab on upstream face. A concrete gravity dam is poured at an upstream end at the bottom of the concrete faced rockfill dam, the concrete faced rockfill dam is built based on the gravity dam, and the gravity dam is a rigid body without horizontal displacement relatively.
The construction of cfrd involves placing the highergrade rock at the dam core, and compacting them to their maximum strength. Pdf construction of concretefaced rockfill dams with. Concrete faced rockfill dams cfrd have been widely used for multipurposes over the world. Learning outcome after this lecture, students should be able to 1. Zones 1 were designated for soils and impervious materials. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Technical progress on researches for the safety of high concrete. Concrete face rockfill dams design, construction, and. Download concrete face rockfill dam compared to roller compacted. Key technical problems of extrahigh concrete faced rockfill dam. Pdf on jan 16, 2019, z erkay and others published design considerations of concrete. Concrete face rockfill dams design, construction, and performance.
Concrete face rockfill dam compared to roller compacted. Dynamic analysis of concrete faced rockfill dams considering dam foundation interaction effects mazda irani, department of civil and environmental engineering, university of alberta, edmonton, alberta, canada abstract many engineers commonly design concrete faced rockfill dams cfrd without considering earthquake ground motions. Pdf utilizing fiber reinforced concrete as the concrete. Structural design measures for a 93 m high concrete. Asynchronous seismic analysis of concrete faced rockfill dams including dam reservoir interaction. The concept of a rockfill dam with an impervious face dates from the california gold rush of the 1860s and 1870s 1. This consulting guide presents details and analyses of twentyeight large crfd dams worldwide, including the highest dam in the world. Quality control during construction of earth and rockfill dams. Concrete faced rockfill dams are now among some of the highest dams in the world. Concrete faced rockfill cfr dams have widely been built in many parts of the world. Concrete face rock fill dam compared to roller compacted concrete dam a case study of dam constructions in panama master of science thesis in the masters programme geo and water engineering tom karlsson and jonas tallberg. Temperature control of mass concrete for dams guideline. Read online concrete face rockfill dam compared to roller compacted. Concrete faced rockfill dam cfrd is a kind of dam type, which is made up of rockfill body and concrete impervious body, i.
Reinforced concrete slabs replaced timber as the impervious element for higher and permanent dams in. However, problems with a few such dams occurred in 2006. Asynchronous seismic analysis of concretefaced rockfill. Guide for design and construction of concrete face. Experience shows that the availability of rock foundations for the plinth or upstream toe slab is almost the sole prerequisite for this type of dam. Crack model, high cfrd, leakage, node virtual flux method, seepage control, seepage lines, water surface slope. Twelve chapters provide specialist information on concepts, desig. However, during the dam construction in 2 stages the firststage face upper part will suffer unfavorable bending deformations caused by nonuniform settlements of the rockfill. Deformation of the nam ngum 2 concrete faced rockfill dam. Pdf constructing concretefaced rockfill dams cfrds with weak rocks has great advantages as a result of the use of local materials. Since there is no pore water pressure which can be built in the freedraining compacted rockfill, the. Nonlinear finite element reliability analysis of concrete. These dams are known as economic alternatives of clayey core rockfill dams, because the clayey material cannot be obtained from the project area in every case of need.
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